The Roman Constitution was based on the Senate and the order of the Magistrates.

The Senate was integrated by 600 magistrates and ex-magistrates. Senators used to serve for the rest of their lives unless they were expelled by the censors.

The Magistrates were composed by 2 consuls, 4 Aediles, 8 praetors, 10 tribunes, 20 Queastors and 2 Censors.

Consuls: Were the chief magistrates and when needed for emergencies,as dictators.

Aediles: 2 patricians and 2 plebeians. They were in charge of the grain supply in the city of Rome, public games, and public places.

Praetors: They were the judges in the court and sometimes consuls to replace them when they were not available.

Censors: In charge of the properties of each citizen.

Tribunes: Their responsability was to protect the plebeians. They could veto the laws they wanted.

Queators: They work to administer the money and the state finances.

I am agree with this type of government, because it was very organized and democratic, and is almost the same style that is proven to work good for the whole world.

Every single roman citizen began serving his country by joining the army for twelve to twenty years. There they were trained and prepared for what was the best and most organized army. They were an admirable and impressive army; they marched in silence, moved at sound of horns, followed directions, and won wars.
After serving his years in the army a roman citizen could then become a Quaestor. There were only twenty of these men and once you were elected Quaestor you were automatically eligible for the Roman senate. Quaestors were in charge of all the money that went in and out of Rome and of all payments. Next, there was the tribune that consisted of ten plebeians and was there to protect the plebs. The tribune had the power of veto and Intercesio. The power of veto granted them the right to say no to any laws that they considered unjust or unnecessary. Intersessio was the power to intercede between anything that they thought unfair or that was against the plebeians. Aediles, made up of two plebeians and two patricians came next. They were in charge of gladiatorial games and public places. They were also responsible for the grain supply and feeding the unemployed and poor. This was a very important job because there was so many servants and unemployed people that if they starved and rebelled themselves against the government this could destroy Rome. Aediles had the power of impirium. With the power of impirium they could decide who lived and who died, they could wear purple, and they could carry out armies. Above the Aediles there were the censors. There was only two censors and they were elected every five years. Censors collected tax and put you in different classes depending on how wealthy you were. Next there were 8 praetors. Praetors were high ranked judges who also took consuls job when they were away. Once you finished your term as praetor you became a pro-praetor and you can rule a province. Consuls are the chief magistrates. Two of them are elected for a period of one year and they follow the collegial rule, they must both decide together. They serve as generals in military campaigns and represent Rome in foreign affairs. In times of emergencies and trouble a dictator was appointed by the consuls, but only for six months.

There was also three assemblies. The first one was the curiae. This was the oldest of the three assemblies and they performed ceremonial and clan gathering.
The next assembly was the assembly of the centuriate. Only one hundred and ninety-three wealthy people were able to be part of this assembly. The richer you were the bigger chance you had of voting and your vote and opinion counted more. They elected censors, consuls and praetors and had the power to declare war and are the last court officials

Roman military organization was the most powerful, feared, and respected of its neighbors. The formation was organized in 4 different rows. The first row is the Velites: Slim, fast teenagers with really light armor for faster running. They all had two pila. First, they used one of the pila to hold on for more throwing power. Then, they would throw the other one and run as fast as they can to the back of rows. The second row is the Hestati: mid 20’s-mid 30’s soldiers who were heavily armed with a gladius, a scutum, and the armor. The third row is the Triari: mid 30’s-mid 40’s soldiers, the veterans, they were also completely armored; they had no mercy on nobody. And the final row is the Extraordinarii: the final row. When a specific whistle blew all three rows threw themselves on the floor and the extraordinarii would use their bolt shooters and their heavy-artillery weapons, then the rows would get back up to fight.

Quaestors:They administered the finances of the treasury and collected tributes and paid troops and state officers. There would be 20 Quaestors and they could be patrician or plebeian.

Tribunes:This one was made to protect the plebeian from the unfair decisions from magistrates,that is why in the Tribune all of them are plebeians to stop or veto the unfair decisions against plebeians.There were 10 tribunes.

Aediles:They were in charge of the grain supply,gladiator games,markets,ect..there were 4 aedile.Two of them were plebeian and the others patricians.They have the power of imperium that meant they could command an army and they could pass death sentences.

Consuls:They are the chief magistrates.They initiated and administered legislation, served as generals in military campaigns, and represented Rome in foreign affairs.They could appoint someone to be dictator for 6 months in case of emergency

Praetors: They served primarily as judges in law courts.When the Consuls where absent they could take place of the consuls.There was 8 praetors.

Censors: These guys took the censuses of the citizens, both to register them in the electoral rolls and to make them pay their taxes.They could also expel those who were unworthy to hold the position. There were 2 censors.

The Roman Goverment was much superior to the governments of its neighbors.This is due to the organization, and they made a good team to make rome a different country and more strong.

The Roman military formation was so successful in comparison to its neighbors because every time the centurion blew the whistle, the soldiers on front would go to the back and the ones coming next would be fresh to fight while the enemy was tired. Bringing new, fresh soldiers to battle now and then made it easier for the Romans to win because they had more strength to fight and the enemy would be tired and sometimes ready to die. The Roman military formation was by far the best of their times and it is in some ways still used today because of its effectiveness.

The Senate was composed of 600 magistrates and ex-magistrates, which meant that they had to at least have held the title as a quaestor. Senators served for life unless expelled by the censors. Senators would meet in the Roman Forum in a building called the Curia. Senators would be elected by the leaders of Rome. Although the Senate was technically an advisory body, the Senate really was the chief governmental body because it controlled public finances and foreign affairs, assigned military commands and provinces, and debated and passed decrees that would be submitted to the assemblies for final ratification. The Republican government was known as the SPQR (Senatus Populus Que Romanum) which translates to, “the Senate and the Roman people.”

The different magistrates were divided as follows:
Quaestors: They administered the finances of the treasury and collected tributes and paid troops and state officers. There would be 20 Quaestors and they could be patrician or plebeian.
Tribunes: This office was designed to protect the plebeians from unfair decisions of other magistrates. This explains why all Tribunes were plebeian. They had a negative power, which meant they had the power to veto and stop any official act of administration. They were sacrosanct, which meant that anyone who physically attacked them could be immediately killed without a court hearing. There were 10 tribunes.
Aediles: Aediles controlled the grain supply into the city of Rome. They also supervised the organization of public shows/games/feasts/parties, buildings, and road maintenance. There were four Aediles. 2 of them had to be plebeians and the other two could be either patrician or plebeian; however the latter two were called curule aediles and had the power of imperium which meant they had the right to command an army, interpret and carry out the law, and pass death sentences.
Censors: These guys took the censuses of the citizens (hence their name), both to register them in the electoral rolls and to make them pay their taxes. They supervised the citizens’ morality, wrote the list of candidate for the Senate, from which they could also expel those who were unworthy to hold the position. There were 2 censors.
Praetors: They served primarily as judges in law courts, but they could also rally the Senate and Assemblies. They took the place of the consuls when they were absent. Once their term of office was complete, they could become propraetors (in which they become praetors of a province). There were 8 Praetors and they were curule.
Consuls: They are the chief magistrates who preside over the Senate and Assemblies. They initiated and administered legislation, served as generals in military campaigns, and represented Rome in foreign affairs. They could appoint and/or serve a dictator for up to 6 months in times of emergencies, when the constitution was suspended. There were 2 consuls, and they would rule a month each, and in the army commanded a day each. Once their term of office was complete, they often would govern a province as a proconsul.

Aside from the Senate and Magistrates, there were three Popular Assemblies, which could pass or reject bills, but they could not discuss them or introduce new ones. They simply voted yes or no.

The different Assemblies were divided as follows:
The Assembly of the Curiae (comitia curiata): The oldest form of assembly, this Assembly confirmed the appointments of the magistrates elected in the other committees.
The Assembly of the Centuries (comitia centuriata): This Assembly elected consuls, praetors, censors; declared war; served as court of appeal for citizens sentenced to death. The 193 centuries were determined by wealth, and the richest centuries were also the smallest, so individual votes in these counted more heavily (when a majority of the 193 votes was reached, voting was stopped, so some of the biggest centuries rarely got to cast votes).
The Assembly of the Tribes (comitia tribuata): This Assembly elected all other magistrates; voted yes or no on laws. Citizens met according to their tribe (which was according to where they lived). A subgroup of this assembly, the Concilium Plebis, was open only to plebeians. This plebeian assembly elected the magistrates open only to plebeians (tribunes and plebeian aediles).

The Roman Government was much superior to the governments of its neighbors. This is due to the sophistication of the parts that make Roman Government tick. It had magistrates, assemblies, and the Senate, which all worked together to create a government unparallel to any other of its time.

Works Cited:

http://www.vroma.org/~bmcmanus/romangvt.html

http://balboahsroom208.edublogs.org/

The roman civilian government organization is superior to its neighbors because it was established. There are magistrates; this group is composed of two consuls, eight praetors, two censors, four Aediles, ten tribunes and twenty Queastors. Then the senate was composed of 600 magistrates. Consuls: there were two consuls, these were the chief magistrates and when they were needed for emergencies they put then as dictators. Praetor: there were eight there job is to be the judges in the court. Also the praetors when consuls go out they stay as consuls too. Censors: there were 2 censors they are in charge of the properties of each citizen. They were elected every 5 years for a short term. Aediles: there were 2 plebeians and 2 patricians. There were in charge of the grain supply in the city of Rome, public games, and public places. Tribunes: there were 10 tribunes there job is to protect plebeians. Tribunes had to be always plebeians. Also they had the power to veto any law they want. Queators: there were 20 there job is to administer the money and the state finances.